上覆砾岩移动相似材料试验监测与模拟研究

Experimental Monitoring and Simulation on the Movement of Similar Materials in Overlying Conglomerate

针对上覆砾岩条件,运用相似模拟试验方法,研究工作面开采引起上覆岩层破断、失稳和下沉。利用全站仪对上覆岩层位移进行了监测和记录。研究表明:上覆岩层破断过程为直接顶破断、基本顶初次破断、基本顶周期破断、砾岩破断;在开采初期其上覆岩层没有发生明显的位移下沉,对地形变形起到了"桥式屏蔽作用",破断后,失去原有的承载能力,使随动岩层一起出现移动变形,且下沉量突然增加,表现出明显的突变性。

According to the conditions of overlying conglomerate,the similar simulation test method is used to study the failure,instability and subsidence of overlying strata caused by mining face. The displacement of overlying strata is monitored and recorded by the total station.Research shows that： the breaking process of overlying rock includes direct roof breaking,basic roof breaking,basic roof breaking,breaking the cycle of conglomerate; In the early production period,the overlying strata had no obvious displacement of the sinking,and acted as ＂ bridge shielding effect＂ for the terrain deformation.After breaking,the original bearing capacity is lost and the movement and deformation appears with rock layer. Then,the subsidence suddenly increased,showing an obvious sudden change.