双歧杆菌对中老年人健康影响的菌种特异性初探

A Preliminary Analysis of Bifidobacterial Species Dependent Influence on the Health of the Elderly

目的初探双歧杆菌对中老年人健康影响的菌种特异性。方法纳入成都地区148例50~75岁健康中老年人,收集其血液和粪便标本,测定血液生化和免疫指标,使用细菌的16SrRNA基因序列设计双歧杆菌属及种的特异性引物,应用实时荧光定量PCR对受试中老年人粪便中的双歧杆菌属及其人体最常见的8个菌种进行定性定量分析。结果受试中老年人粪便中均可检出双歧杆菌,菌量约为108个/g湿便,检出率为100%,且可检出通常被认为是婴幼儿肠道内的优势双歧杆菌菌种。相关性分析结果显示,双歧杆菌属与尿素氮呈正相关(r=0.214,P<0.05);青春双歧杆菌和体质量指数呈负相关(r=-0.311,P<0.05),链双歧杆菌与其呈正相关(r=0.167,P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和短双歧杆菌呈负相关(r=-0.247,P<0.05),与婴儿双歧杆菌呈正相关(r=0.350,P<0.05);两歧双歧杆菌与免疫球蛋白IgA呈正相关(r=0.365,P<0.05)。结论肠道双歧杆菌能菌种特异性地影响机体的生理代谢和免疫机能,保持肠道双歧杆菌菌种正常的组成可能是减缓高龄引起的免疫衰退、维持中老年人健康的有效方法之一。

Objective To analyze the species dependent effect of bifidobacteria to the heath of the middle and elderly. Methods Total 148 healthy volunteers living in Chengdu with 5074 years old were recruited in 2015. The blood samples were collected from them and analyzed physiologically and immunologically. The fecal bifidobacterial were also analyzed by realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR （qPCR） using 16S rRNA targeting designed gene and species specific primers. Results Bifidobacterium can be detected in feces of the elderly, the detection rate was 100%, 108/g fecal. Especially, more species predominated in the infants were found the tested subjects. Bifidobacterium was positively associated with urea nitrogen （ r=0.214, P〈0.05）. B. adolescentis was negatively associated with body mass index （BMI） （ r=-0.311, P〈0.05）, while B.catenulatum was positive to BMI （ r=0.167, P〈0.05）. B.breve and high density lipoproteincholesterol （HDLC） were negatively correlated （ r=-0.247, P〈0.05）. Bifidobacterium infantis and HDLC were positively correlated （ r=0.350, P〈0.05）. Among tested immune parameters, only B.bifidum was found to be positive associated with IgA （ r=0.365, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Bifidobacterium might affect the host physiologically and immunology in the species dependent manner. Keeping intestinal bifidobacteria in the ideal species composition might be one of effective ways to slow immune senescence, and promote the health of the elderly.