云南无量山乌骨鸡肉品质物理特性的研究

Study on the physical characteristics of meat quality in Yunnan Wuliangshan Silky chicken

为了解云南无量山乌骨鸡肉品质,试验对5,6月龄乌骨鸡各60只(公、母各半)肉品质客观指标(肉色、失水率、嫩度、p H值、蒸煮损失、剪切力)进行测定。结果表明:5月龄时,公、母鸡腿肌p H45 min值、p H24 h值极显著(P<0.01)高于胸肌,母鸡腿肌亮度(L)值显著(P<0.05)低于胸肌,母鸡胸肌失水率极显著(P<0.01)高于腿肌;6月龄时,公鸡胸肌p H45 min值、p H24 h值、黄度(b)值与腿肌相比差异极显著(P<0.01),腿肌失水率显著(P<0.05)高于胸肌,母鸡胸肌p H24 h值、失水率、蒸煮损失率与腿肌相比差异极显著(P<0.01),腿肌p H45 min值显著(P<0.05)高于胸肌。5月龄时,公鸡胸肌剪切力显著(P<0.05)高于母鸡,母鸡胸肌失水率极显著(P<0.01)高于公鸡,公鸡腿肌p H24 h值极显著(P<0.01)高于母鸡;6月龄时,公鸡胸肌红度(a)值极显著(P<0.01)高于母鸡,公鸡腿肌a值和b值均极显著(P<0.01)高于母鸡腿肌。5月龄母鸡胸肌p H24 h值、b值、失水率显著(P<0.05)低于6月龄,5月龄母鸡腿肌p H24 h值显著(P<0.05)高于6月龄。5月龄无量山乌骨鸡p H45 min值与p H24 h值呈极显著正相关,与失水率呈极显著负相关,与L值和b值均呈显著负相关。p H24 h值与L值和b值均呈显著负相关,与失水率呈极显著负相关,其余指标间无显著相关性。6月龄无量山乌骨鸡,p H45 min值与p H24 h值呈极显著正相关,与剪切力呈显著正相关,与失水率呈极显著负相关。p H24 h值与b值呈极显著负相关,与失水率呈显著负相关,与蒸煮损失呈显著正相关。L值与失水率呈极显著正相关。a值与b值呈显著负相关。剪切力与失水率呈极显著负相关,其余指标间无显著相关性。

In order to understand themeat quality of Yunnan Wuliangshan Silky chicken,60 five or six month - old Silky chieken（ half male and half female）were joined in this experiment, moat quality indexes （color, water loss rate, tenderness, pH value, cooking loss, shear force ） were measured. The results showed that at 5months old ,the values of pH45 min or pH24h ofleg muscle were significantly higher than thoseof breast muscle inmale and female chicken （P〈 0. 01 ） ; in female chicken the brightness （ L value） of leg muscle muscle was significantly lower than that of breast muscle （ P 〈 0.05 ） and breast muscle＇ s water loss rate was significantly higher than leg muscle （ P 〈 0.01 ）. At 6 months old, pH4s rot,, pH24 h ,yeUowness（ b value） values of breastmusclein male chicken hadsignificant difference with those of leg muscle（ P 〈 0.01 ） ; leg muscle ＇ s water loss rate was significantly higher than breast muscle （P 〈 0.05 ）. pH24 h, water lossrate,cooking loss rate values of breastmuscle in female chicken had significant difference with those of leg muscle（ P 〈 0.01 ） ;leg muscle＇ s pH45 min, value was significantly higher than breast muscle （ P 〈 0.05 ）. At 5 months old, shear force of breast muscle in male was significantly higher than that infemale （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; water lossrate of breast muscle in female was significantly higher than that inmale（P 〈 0.01 ） ; pH24 h value of leg muscle in male was significantly higher than that infemale （ P 〈 0.01 ）. At 6 months old,redness（a value）of breast muscle in male was significantly higher than that infemaie（ P 〈 0.0l ） ;a and b values of leg muscle in male were significantly higher than thoseinfemale （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The indexes of pH24 h, b value, water lossrate of breast muscle at 5 months old in famale weresignificantly lower than thoseat 6 months old（ P 〈 0.05 ） ; pHu hValue of leg muscle was sign!ficantly higher than thatat 6 months old （P 〈 0.05）. At 5 months old, prig5 min valuein Wuliangshan Silky chiekenhad very significant positive correlation with pH24h hvalue, andhad very significant negative correlation with water loss rate, as well as significant negative correlation with L and b values. pH24 h valuehad significant negative correlation with L and b values, and had very significant negative correlation with water loss rate, as well as no significant correlation withother indexes.