受教育义务论析

Analysis of Educational Obligations

受教育的宪法规定使得受教育的权利义务特性被模糊化处理,不但造成理论上的困惑,而且也不利于实际问题的解决。梳理受教育义务产生、从义务到权利转换后受教育义务存在的合理性,受教育权利存在功能上的局限,即无法解决现实中存在的反权利问题,未能涵盖社会维度的合理需求,这种功能上的局限为受教育义务的存在提供了外在的合理性。受教育义务的内在合理性来源于"法律家长主义"(Legal Paternalism)和"公民身份社会学"(The Sociology of Citizenship)。文章进而在对荷载权利义务的"受教育"进行具体分析的基础上解读受教育权利和受教育义务的关系,厘定受教育的权利范围与义务界限,目的是澄清理论困惑和解决实际问题。

The constitutional provisions of education make the rights and obligations of education blurred, which not only caused theoretical confusion, but also was not conducive to the solution of practical problems. The existence of educational rights has the limitation of function, that is, it cannot solve the problem of anti-rights in reality, and cannot cover the reasonable demands of social dimension. This function limitation provides the external rationality with the existence of educational obligation. The inherent rationality of the educational obligation arises from ＂legal parentalism ＂ and ＂the sociology of citizenship＂. And then through the specific analysis of the rights and obligations of the load of ＂education＂, the paper illustrates the right to education and education obligations, determines the scope of education and the boundaries of obligations, the purpose of which is to clarify the theoretical confusion and solve practical problems.