不同复合基质对红青菜‘紫衣’生长及品质的影响

Effects of Different Substrates on Growth Characteristics and Quality of Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Makino

以红青菜‘紫衣’为试材,研究了6种不同种类的商品化复合基质栽培对其生长及品质的影响,以期筛选最佳复合基质。结果表明:红青菜‘紫衣’在不同基质中的生长和品质均存在差异。从物理性状来看,6种基质中比较理想的基质为培蕾(J2)和爱丽丝(J3),J3的叶宽和叶面积分别相当于中诺(J1)的2.0倍和3.9倍,美乐棵(J4)的株高和叶长最大,分别相当于最低值(J1)的1.5倍和1.6倍。生物量指标J2最高,其鲜质量达到J1的2.6倍,根冠比仅为J1的66%。从食用品质来看,含水量和叶绿素差异不明显,但J4条件下‘紫衣’的花青素含量高达0.20mg·g^(-1),约为J1的3.0倍,维生素C含量则是翠筠(J5)中最高,硝态氮含量J1~J5均维持在一个很低的安全水平,仅J6略高于标准值。综合来看,基质J3对红青菜‘紫衣’的生长和品质综合影响最优,J2~J5也各具优势,而J1和J6则不适合。

Different commercial compound substrates treatment were set,to evaluate their effects on growth and quality characteristics of Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Makino,to select best cultivation substrates.The results showed that,Peilei substrate （J2） and Iris substrate （J3） were better than others in physical characteristics.The growth and quality characteristics of Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Makino were different.J3 substrate were 2.0 times the leaf width and 3.9 times the area of leaf than Zhongnuo（J1）,Miracle·Gro substrate （J4） was the best in the plant height and leaf length,which was 1.5 times the plant height and 1.6 times the leaf length longer than the minimum J1.J2 was the highest in biomass,which was 2.6 times the fresh leaf weight higher than J1 and only 66% in root/leaf ratio of J1.The water content and chlorophyll content were less different from eating quality.But the anthoctanin content in J4 was 0.2 mg·g-1 highly,which was 3.0 times than J1.The VC content in J5 was the highest.Nitrate content were in low safe level for J1-J5,only J6 was higher than standard.Taken together,J3 was the best among all tested substrates for Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis Makino in growth and quality characteristics.J2-J5 had different advantages.J1,J6 were not suitable for cultivation.