从权利到知识:公民参与研究的视角转换

From Rights to Knowledge:the Change of the Perspective of Citizen Participation

维护公民的权利是公民参与的传统研究视角,并产生了丰富的研究成果,但在实践中也遇到了诸多问题和质疑。本文从公民知识的视角重新审视公民参与的问题,试图回答为何要从知识的角度对公民参与进行研究以及公民知识是如何影响公民参与的。笔者发现,正是由于政策主体知识的不对称,所以需要通过参与进行对话与协商,取长补短,共同解决公共问题。当然,公民知识的视角与公民权利的视角各有所长,并非非此即彼的关系。在今后的公民参与研究中只有结合两种视角的优势,注重两个视角的融合,才能更好地解决公民参与理论与实践中遇到的问题,从而达到优化公民参与效果的目的。

The protection of citizens＇ rights is a traditional perspective of the research of citizen participation, and has achieved fruitful results. But it also encountered a lot of problems and queries in practice. This paper reexamines the issue of citizen participation from the perspective of citizens＇ knowledge, and tries to answer the question of why it is necessary to study citizen participation from this perspective and how the knowledge affects citizen participation. The author believed that it is precisely because of the asymmetry of citizens＇ knowledge that we need to participate in dialogue and consultation to learn from each other and to solve public problems together. It is worth noting that both the rights perspective and the knowledge perspective have their own advantages. We should pay attention to the integration of these two perspectives to get the problems encountered in the theory and practice of citizen participation solved better, so as to optimize the effect of citizen participation.