化感水稻不育系‘化57S’田间抑制稗草能力表现评价

Evaluation of Inhibitory Effect of an Allelopathic Rice Male Sterile Line 'N57S' on Barnyard Grass in Filed

评价化感水稻不育系‘化57S’田间抑制稗草能力及稳定性表现及探究其在育种上的研究利用前景。以‘PI312777’和‘化感稻3号’为对照,分3期播种,对5个抑草性状及其稳定性表现进行分析。‘化57S’在3个播期中均表现出良好的抑制稗草能力,其灌浆期抑草率3个播期平均值介于对照‘PI312777’和‘化感稻3号’之间,且差异不显著,其余4个抑草性状在3个播期也均与对照差异不显著;‘化57S’灌浆期抑草率、稗草平均株高和稗草单株干物重3个抑草性状的稳定性均优于2个对照,其中灌浆期抑草率稳定性最好,变异系数仅为4.51%,可作为初步评价‘化57S’化感潜力的一个指标;相关性分析表明,化感作用和竞争作用共同决定化感稻田间整体抑草效果,化感作用主要是抑制稗草萌发,竞争作用既抑制影响稗草存活率又抑制存活稗草的生物量积累、但两者之间相关不明显。化感水稻不育系‘化57S’是一个田间抑制稗草能力较好且部分抑草性状稳定性好的化感稻材料,初步显示出具有良好的研究利用前景。

The objective is to evaluate the inhibitory effect and the stability of an allelopathic rice male sterileline‘N57S＇on barnyard grass（Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv） in filed, and explore the prospect of‘N57S＇in rice breeding.‘PI312777＇and‘allelopathic rice 3＇were used as control. Three sowing dates were set up.Five kinds of weed suppression traits and their stability were analyzed. The results showed that,‘N57S＇performed strong weed suppression ability against barnyard grass in three sowing dates. The average inhibitionrate of‘N57S＇at filling stage in three sowing dates was between‘PI312777＇and‘allelopathic rice 3＇,showing no significant difference. The other four weed suppression traits also showed no significant differencecompared with the control in three sowing dates. The stability of the inhibition rate of filling stage of‘N57S＇and the average plant height and the dry weight per plant of associated barnyard grass were better than those of the two controls. The stability of the inhibition rate of filling stage of‘N57S＇was the best among the five weedsuppression traits, and its coefficient of variability was just 4.51%. And then the inhibition rate of filling stageof‘N57S＇can be regarded as a standard to evaluate the allelopathy of‘N57S＇preliminarily. The correlationanalysis showed that the total inhibitory effect of allelopathic rice on barnyard grass was decided by theallelopathy effect and competition effect jointly. And the germination of barnyard grass was mainly suppressedby the allelopathy effect, while the survival rate and the biomass accumulation of the survival barnyard grasswas mainly inhibited by the competition effect, but the correlation between them was not statisticallysignificant.‘N57S＇was an excellent allelopathic rice material which performed strong inhibitory ability onbarnyard grass and had some stable weed suppression traits in field, owning brilliant prospect in applicationand study.