论创伤记忆及其文学呈现

From Individual Memory to Collective Memory:The Representations of Traumatic Memory in Literary Works

有关创伤的理论研究最早可追溯至弗洛伊德,后来经过凯西·卡露丝、杰弗里·C·亚历山大等人的发展,理论内涵逐渐丰富和深化,由心理学层面蔓延到文化学层面,并在文学创作中得以广泛运用。记忆既是创伤不可分割的一部分,又能帮助人们从创伤中得到释放和救赎。作家通过写作的方式再现创伤,把关于创伤的记忆吸收到正常的记忆之中,能起到治疗的目的。文学作品作为记忆的载体,体现了作家对记忆的重构与再现,这种具有积极建构意义的过程为帮助创伤个体或集体走出创伤提供了有效的途径。

Trauma and memory in literary writing has always been the focus of people＇s research since the second half of the twentieth century. Memory, as an indispensable part of trauma representation, has been a tool for helping people getting release and redemption from trauma. Presenting trauma through writing in which absorbs the memory of trauma into the normal memory provides a way of curing. Literary works express the writers＇ reconstruction and representation of traumatic memory. This positive process of reconstructing and representing traumatic memory provides a valuable way to help those traumatized people.