加拿大与美国移民政策的差异性分析

Analyzing the Differences of Canada and the U. S. mmigration Policy

美国和加拿大是两个相邻的北美洲国家,虽拥有极为相似的自由民主政治文化,但两国的移民政策却有着明显的不同。美国移民政策看重家庭团聚因素,而加拿大的移民政策则是更多地从劳动力需求和就业能力出发。借助移民政治理论研究美国加拿大两国的移民政策,发现公众舆论对美国移民政策的影响要大于其对加拿大移民政策的影响,其中很大一部分原因在于美国拉美裔移民的凝聚力远大于加拿大亚洲移民。而加拿大注重多元文化政策,也限制了个别群体主导移民政策的能力和倾向。不过,造成两国政策不同的关键因素还是政治背景和制度的差异。

The U.S. and Canada are neighbor countries in North America. Although they have very similar liberal democratic and political cultures, these two countries＇ immigration policies are quite different. While the U.S. immigration policy is based on the principle of family reunion, Canada＇s is more from the perspective of labor demand and employment ability. By applying the theory of immigration politics, this paper discovers that the influence of public opinion on immigration policy in the U. S. is larger than that of Canada, in which a large part of the reason is the cohesion of Hispanic immigrants in the U. S. is much greater than that of Asian immigrants in Canada. The Canadians focus on multicultural policy, but also limit the ability and tendency of individual groups to dominate the immigration policy. However, the key factors that cause the differences between the two countries are the political background and system.