论雪莱的《西风颂》对但丁锁韵三行体的继承与创新

Shelley's Inheritance of Dante's Terza Rima and His Creation as Exemplified in Ode to the West Wind

雪莱在《西风颂》中运用的锁韵三行体不仅是对但丁锁韵三行体的继承,也是雪莱的创新。其继承体现在:1)如但丁的锁韵三行体,雪莱的锁韵三行体不仅是诗歌形式,也是诗歌内容的呼应和延伸;2)如但丁的锁韵三行体,雪莱的锁韵三行体也和诗歌全篇结构形成呼应。其创新体现在:1)雪莱的锁韵三行体在形式上是对但丁的锁韵三行体的创新;2)雪莱的锁韵三行体引向一条不同于但丁的救赎之路——通过诗人和诗歌来拯救世界、改造世界的救赎之路。雪莱对但丁的继承重现了古老的锁韵三行体的神韵,而他的创新给古老的诗行注入了新的活力,让它成为诗人的声音、时代的声音,从而实现了更高意义上的继承,具有生命力的继承。

Terza rima used in Ode to the West Wind is not only an inheritance from Dante but also Shelley＇s creation.The inheritance is demonstrated by the great unison in spirit between terza rima used in Ode to the West Wind and that in the Divine Comedy,which is reflected in the following aspects： first,terza rima in both works is not only a form but also an echo and extension of the content.Second,terza rima in both poems echoes and reflects the structure of the whole work.The creation is reflected in the following aspects： first,the form of terza rima in Ode to the West Wind is altered according to the content;second,terza rima in Ode to the West Wind leads Shelley to a different way of redemption,redemption achieved through poet and poetry.Shelley＇s inheritance of terza rima has revived the ancient poetical form and demonstrated its great power,and Shelley＇s creation has instilled new life into it,making it the voice of the poet,the voice of a new era,which is an inheritance at a higher level and of life.