认罪“自愿性”的现实障碍及其制度保障

The Practical Obstacles of Confession Voluntary and its Protection

认罪"自愿性"存在两方面现实障碍,一是权利保障体系的不完善,二是权力制约规则的缺失。保障认罪自愿性,一方面可以通过赋权提高自身反强迫能力,另一方面通过限权降低强迫认罪发生的概率。具体可以从以下两方面加以完善,一是完善权利保障体系,例如建立并落实知情权的有关规定、充分保障被追诉人获得有效的律师帮助的权利等;二是创建权力制约规则,例如认罪认罚从宽制度适用的案件应当要全程录音录像并在录音录像过程中引入其他参与主体、将看守所交由司法行政机关管理等。

There are two practical obstacles in confession voluntary. One is imperfect guarantee system of rights, the other is deficient guarantee system of powers. Improving the ability to counter compulsion through empowerment and reducing the occurrence possibility of compulsory self-incrimination through power restriction can protect confession voluntary. Specific efforts should be made in the following ways. The first is to improve the guarantee system of rights, for example, making relevant regulations about right to know to adequately safeguard the accused＇s right of achieving help from lawyers. The second is to establish restrictive mechanism of power. For example, recording the whole process of cases with lenient system, introducing other participants in the audio and video process, and handing the detention house over to judicial administrative organization.