郑樵校雠学说研究的民国转向

The Turning of the Research on ZHENG Qiao's Bibliography Thought in the Republic of China

对于郑樵校雠学说的研究在民国时期出现了"转向",这主要体现在两个方面。第一,重视程度。郑樵校雠学说在民国以前鲜为人重视,从民国开始对其重视程度显著增加,并逐渐将其作为一门专科之学来研究。第二,研究倾向。民国以前对于郑樵本人及其学说多是以一种负面的眼光去看待,民国以后,对于郑樵校雠学说的研究出现了新旧两派学者,旧派学者以余嘉锡、向宗鲁、刘咸炘为代表,他们的研究延续了以往负面评价为主的倾向。不过,旧派学者中也有姚名达等,给予郑樵比较客观公正的评价。新派学者以杜定友、钱亚新为代表,他们从图书馆学的视角切入,对于郑樵校雠学说给予了较高的评价。郑樵校雠学说研究之所以在民国时期发生转向,是因为其学说中敢于打破传统、"求简"等思想契合了民国社会、学术发展潮流。

Bibliography practice has a long history in China while the systematic theoretical summarization on that hadn＇t been produced until South Song Dynasty. ZHENG Qiao, a famous scholar of South Song Dynasty, wrote a book titled Tong Zhi Jiao Chou Lue and systematically summarized the theory of Chinese bibliography practice. Therefore Tong Zhi Jiao Chou Lue is considered the first theoretical monograph on bibliography in China. Chinese traditional bibliography and modern library science have a close relationship. Studying ZHENG Qiao, the representative scholar in Chinese bibliography history, contributes to the indigenization of librarianship. In this article, the main research methods are comparing relative texts on bibliography. ZHENG Qiao is a controversial figure. Although his works have a great influence, his status and reputation were bad during his life and a long period after his death. This situation began to change in the era of Republic of China, Owing to the efforts of GU Jiegang, the academics started to evaluate ZHENG Qiao and his thoughts with a positive attitude. There were two turnings of the research on ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought in the era of Republic of China. Firstly, according to the incomplete statistics, before the Republic of China, there were only two scholars HU Yinglin and ZHANG Xuecheng studied ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought. But since the Republic of China, there were more and more scholars studying ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought and treating it as a special discipline. Secondly, the research attitudes about ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought gradually changed. During the era of Republic of China, the scholars who were interested in ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought could be divided into two groups. The first one, could be called the conservative, such as YU Jiaxi, XIANG Zonglu, LIU Xianxin etc. who took China＇s traditional academic training. The conservative evaluated ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography though still with a pejorative attitude. But in the conservative group, there were a few scholars such as YAO Mingda who studied ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought objectively. The other group, mainly consisted of the scholars who took the library science education such as DU Dingyou and QIAN Yaxin, could be called the new. They studied ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought from the perspective of library science and highly praised ZHENG Qiao＇s bibliography thought. The impact of the new group＇s research conclusion is greater than that of the conservative group. The turnings of the research on ZHENG Qiao in the era of Republic of China were also due to his unconventional ideas and pursuit of simplicity, which met the social and academic trends of the Republic of China. 1 tab. 39 refs.