基于PLC的自动摆盘机控制系统开发

Design of control system for automatic placing machine based on PLC

针对食品加工行业人工摆放物料的劳动强度大、生产效率低的问题,设计了一套基于PLC的自动摆盘机系统。该系统以压缩空气为介质,驱动气动执行件动作,对生产环境的污染小。根据所需抓取物料的重量以及减轻对物料原有形状的破坏,确定系统所需压力,进一步确定气动执行件的尺寸。运用solidworks建立自动摆盘机机械结构的三维模型,主要包括物料传送带,托盘传送带,滑轨,支撑结构等。根据摆盘机所需完成的动作,选择控制系统所需模块,建立PLC硬件接线方案和梯形图。通过PLC程序控制气动执行件完成移动、伸缩、回转等动作,最终摆盘系统实现抓取和摆放工作。研究结果表明:此自动摆盘机每分钟能够抓取100-120个物料,提高了食品行业的自动化水平,具有结构简单、适应性广等优点。

Aiming at reducing the labor intensity and improving the production efficiency in food industries,the automatic placing machine based on PLC was designed. The pneumatic actuators were driven by compressed air,which had no pollution to the environment. According to the weight and the shape of the objects,the pressure of the system and the sizes of pneumatic actuators were determined. The solidworks was used to establish 3D model of mechanical structure,which included material conveyor belt,tray conveyor belt,slideway and support structure. According to the action of the automatic placing machine,the PLC modules were selected. Then the hardware wiring project and ladder diagram of PLC were established. The pneumatic actuators were controlled by the program,which could realize the action of moving,scaling and rotating. Then the automatic placing machine could grab and place automatically. The results indicate that the automatic placing machine can grab 100-120 materials per minute. This automatic placing machine can improve the automation level of the food industry,which has the advantages of simple structure,strong adaptability and so on.