2016年湖北省血吸虫病重点水域哨鼠监测结果及风险分析

Surveillance results and risk analysis of Schistosoma japonicum-infected sentinel mice in key water regions in Hubei Province in 2016

目的了解2016年湖北省血吸虫病重点水域的水体感染性,分析可疑高危环境血吸虫病的传播风险。方法选择长江、汉北河、富河3大水系设立哨鼠监测预警点。采用哨鼠法检测水体的感染性,同时观察滩面人畜活动情况,对出现血吸虫尾蚴感染性水体的区域启动应急响应机制。结果 5-6月在10个哨鼠监测点中,长江流域有2个点检出阳性哨鼠,阳性点检出率为20%,回收的200只小鼠全部解剖,检出阳性哨鼠5只,哨鼠总感染率为2.5%,获得血吸虫成虫5条,阳性鼠平均虫荷为1条/鼠。对2个哨鼠阳性点及时启动了应急响应机制,未出现血吸虫病重大疫情。8-9月8个哨鼠点,160只小鼠全部解剖,未查出血吸虫感染阳性哨鼠。结论哨鼠监测结果对分析湖北省血吸虫病传播风险具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the water infectivity in key water regions,and analyze the transmission risk of schisto-somiasis in suspicious and high-risk environments in Hubei Province in 2016. Methods Schistosome-endemic areas of the Yangtze River,the Hanbei River and the Fu River were chosen as the surveillance and forecast sites. The water infectivity was detected by using the sentinel mice during the flood season. The infection status of residents in the villages around the surveil-lance sites and the activities of human beings and domestic animals were surveyed. The emergency response system was initiated when the water infectivity areas were detected. Results From May to June,among the ten surveillance sites of the first batch, two positive spots with infected mice were found,accounting for 20%. All the recovered mice（totally 200）were dissected：five mice were infected,with a total infection rate of 2.5%. Totally five schistosome adult worms were collected,with mean worm bur-den of 1 worm per infected mouse. The site with cercariae-infected water body started the emergency response and no epidemic occurred. From August to September,among the eight surveillance sites of the second batch,the recovered mice（totally 160） were dissected,and no infected sentinel mice were found. Conclusion The sentinel mice method plays an important role in an-alyzing the schistosomiasis transmission risk in Hubei Province.