关于“人的需要即人的本质”命题探责

Explorations on the Issue,“Man's Needs are Man's Nature”

针对人的本质问题,学术界进行了长期深入的探讨,获得了许多重要的成果。但在文本依据相同的条件下,究竟如何正确理解马克思的有关思想,从而对人的本质问题作出更为清晰的界定,学术界有许多不同的结论。近来,有些学者把人的需要抬高到人的本质的高度,提出了"人的需要即人的本质"的命题。依据马克思经典著作中的有关论述,"人的需要即人的本质"命题是有待商榷的。首先,人的需要不能等同于人的本质;其次,这一命题在方法上并不是马克思主义的;第三,从人的需要与人的本质两者关系考察,人的需要仅仅是人的本质的具体表现。

As to the issue of man＇s nature, there have been long-termed and deep explorations in academic field with lots of important achievements. However, with the same theoretical basis as that of this thesis, there are various conclusions on how to understand Marx＇s thoughts in the field as well as how to make clearer definition on man＇s nature. In recent years, some scholars have argued that man＇s needs should be man＇s nature and put forward the issue, ＂Man＇s Needs are Man＇s Nature＂. According to descriptions in Marx＇s classical works, the issue needs further discussing. First, man＇s needs cannot be equal to man＇s nature. Second, the issue does not follow Marxist methodology. Third, as to the relationship between man＇s needs and man＇s nature, man＇s needs are just concrete manifestation of man＇s nature.