吸收、规避、引导:类型化办理涉少数民族民事法律纠纷案件

Absorbing,Rejecting,or Guiding: A Classified Approach to Deciding Civil Law Cases Involving the Minority Nationality

在涉少数民族民事法律纠纷案件中,民族地区风俗习惯与国家法律之间的竞存是司法机关遭遇的关键性难题。现有的两种解决思路仅是在一般意义上处理了这一难题,而没有给予法官具体的解决方案。对于这类案件,一种更为具体、可行的思路是类型化办理,即在办理该类案件时,法官需要根据案情对案件涉及的民族地区风俗习惯和国家法律进行分析,不同的情况区别对待。随着民族地区地方性的式微和乡土社会的变迁,类型化办案思路将让位于一元法治。

The most critical problem in civil law cases involving the minority nationality is how to deal with the conflict between local customs and national laws. The two approaches in existence handle this problem only in general,which provide nothing concrete and practicable to judges facing those cases; whereas,categorization can be served as a useful and feasible way for them. The judges should analyze local customs and national laws involved according to details of this case; after that,they should decide the case distinctively according to its type. Along with the gradual decline of this area＇s local characteristics and the continuous changes of this area＇s rural characteristics,categorization method will give way to national laws.