我国不能犯理论的困境与选择——基于德日不能犯理论的启示

Dilemma and Choice of Impossibility Theory in China:Based on Impossibility Theory in Germany and Japan

苏俄理论下形成的主客观统一说成为我国不能犯理论的主要学说,此学说的影响一直持续到20世纪90年代。而随着德日理论的引进,对于传统的不能犯理论的反思也在不断深入。反观当代极具典型的不能犯理论基本立场,德国以印象说为前提,而日本则以客观危险说为主。权衡德日不能犯理论的利弊,我国应该摒弃传统的主客观统一理论,以客观未遂说为基准,站在行为时立场,对行为人的行为进行事后判断。

The unification theory of subjectivity and objectivity formed in the Soviet Union has become the main theory of impossibility in China,whose influence has lasted till 1990 s. With the introduction of the theory of Germany and Japan,the reflection on traditional theory of impossibility is also deepened. In contrast,the basic position of impossibility theory of Germany is under the premise of impression,while Japan＇s is on the objective danger theory. Weighing the pros and cons of impossibility theory of Germany and Japan,one should abandon the traditional unified subjective and objective theory. Taking objective uncompleted theory as the base and standing in the position of behavior,one should judge the behavior of the actor after the event.