经济增长、科技创新与大气污染——以烟粉尘排放为例

Economic Growth,S&T Innovation and Air Pollution——Evidence from Soot and Dust Emissions

经济发展和环境保护是我国目前发展的两大主题,但两者关系的不协调阻碍了全面小康社会的实现。科技创新在我国发展全局中处于核心位置,也是政府协调两者关系的关键。文章根据已有文献建立环境库茨涅兹曲线方程并对其进行扩展,以2001-2014年31个省市自治区的面板数据为基础,选取与雾霾现象等关系密切的烟粉尘作为研究对象,通过实证分析对经济增长、科技创新与大气污染的关系进行探究,研究结果发现:我国各省市自治区的人均烟粉尘排放量与经济发展水平之间存在倒U型关系;科技创新对烟粉尘排放具有增强和抑制两方面影响,而抑制作用相对更强;科技创新能够改变EKC形态,降低拐点所对应的经济水平要求。

Economic development and environmental protection are the two main themes of China＇s current development, but the uncoordi- nated relationship between them hinders＇the realization of a moderately prosperous society. S＆T innovation is at the core of China＇s overall development, as well as the key for the government to coordinate the dual objectives. In this paper, the environmental Kuznets Curve equa- tion is established and extended according to the existing literatures. Based on the panel data of the 31 provincial-level administrative ar- eas from 2001 to 2014, soot and dust, which are closely related to the haze phenomena, are selected as the research object to analyze the relationship among economic growth, S＆T innovation and air pollution. The results show that： There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between soot and dust emissions and economic level at the provincial-level in China; The effects of S＆T innovation on soot and dust emis- sions are both positive and negative, while the inhibition is relatively stronger; S＆T innovation can change the shape of EKC, and reduce the economic requirements of the inflection point.