福岛核电站事故后高污染放射性废水中铯的去除

Removal of Cesium from Highly Contaminated Water in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station

福岛核电站在事故后,为冷却反应堆,向堆芯注入了大量冷却水,其中包括初期紧急情况下注入的海水。这些冷却水流经堆芯后,携带大量裂变产物而成为放射性废水。为去除放射性废水中的铯,先后建立了两套铯吸收系统,采用沸石等无机吸附材料对废水进行处理。废水中的盐对沸石的吸附性能有不利的影响,而微量的油并不会对吸附过程造成影响。使用后的沸石准备采用玻璃固化技术对其进行进一步处理。

Since the accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station（ NPS）,the injection of cooling water including some seawater in the beginning into the reactors has been continuous and a large amount of highly contaminated water leaked from the damaged reactors has been accumulated on the site. In order to remove cesium in radioactive contaminated water,two sets of cesium absorption system have been established,and the wastewater is treated with inorganic adsorbent material such as zeolite.The salt in the wastewater has negative effect on the adsorption performance of the zeolite,and the dissolved oil does not affect the adsorption. The spent zeolite is prepared for further treatment with glass solidification techniques.