宋神宗起用王安石知江寧府的背景及其政治和文化意涵

The Background and Political Cultural Implications of Song Shenzong Appointed Wang Anshi as Jiangning satrap

王安石在宋英宗朝一直閑居江寧,不肯回朝復職,因爲他和當政的首相韓琦有很深的矛盾。治平四年正月神宗即位後,北宋朝廷發生了很大的變化。一方面,神宗很早就對王安石具有深刻的印象,希望將他召回委以重任;另一方面,神宗對長期專政的韓琦産生不滿,希望收回下放已久的權柄。次相曾公亮爲了排擠韓琦,力主再次召用王安石,並與參知政事吴奎産生齟齬,這些矛盾最終在治平四年閏三月的一場御前辯論上集中爆發。嗣後,神宗起用王安石知江寧府。這是具有濃厚的政治象徵和文化隱喻意味的任命,在政治上象徵神宗、王安石"君臣合作"的開端,在文化上隱喻王安石"以道進退"與"觀時而動"相結合這一出處哲學的成功實踐。

Wang Anshi had been living in Jiangning and refused to return to the court during the period of Song Yingzong,because of the deep contradiction between him and the Prime Minister Han Qi.However,things had changed after Emperor Shenzong came to the throne.On the one hand,Song Shenzong had been very impressed by Wang Anshi,hoping to recall and entrust him with the task.On the other hand,being increasingly discontent with Han Qi,Emperor Shenzong decided to retake the power which had lost for a long time.The second prime minister Zeng Gongliang advocated to continue to recall Wang Anshi in order to supplant Han Qi,which caused a fierce debate in leap March of the fourth year of Zhi Ping between him and Deputy Prime Minister Wu Kui.After the debate,Wang Anshi was appointed as Jiangning satrap.This event was a strong political symbol and cultural metaphor.Politically,it can be regarded as the beginning of'the cooperation'between Song Shenzong and Wang Anshi.And culturally,it means Wang Anshi combines the two ideas'Taking action according to the principle of an official'and'according to the time'together.