农户恢复村校的需求意愿及影响因素分析——基于Ordinal Logit模型的西部三省(区)数据实证

Influence factors of farmers' willingness to restore rural school:Based on an Ordinal Logit model from empirical data in three western provinces of China

为了解撤点并校后农户对小规模学校的需求意愿,并进一步优化布局调整,通过对西部三省(区)2 760名学生家长的调研,采用Ordinal Logit模型,从家庭特征、教育成本、空间变量以及政策因素4个维度对农户是否希望恢复村校的需求意愿以及主要影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:家庭收入低、上学距离远、在校寄宿、班级规模大和地处山区的家长更加希望恢复村级教学点;村委会支持或受到过捐赠条件下,学生家长更加希望恢复村校。因此,建议在人均收入低以及地理条件较差的偏远山区保留或者恢复村校;同时,在恢复村校决策实施中,农户的广泛参与和村委会支持非常重要,鼓励各地区因地制宜探索建立农村教育的"一事一议"治理模式。

Fully understanding farmers＇ willingness to restore rural school is an important content of further optimization to School Mapping Restructure after many small schools have been closed and merged into larger primary schools.Based on a large-scale survey of 2 760 parents in three western provinces of China,farmers＇ willingness and influence factors from four dimensions,e.g.household characteristics,cost of education,spatial variables and policy factors were analyzed by using Ordinal Logit model.The result shows that parents would prefer to restore small rural school under the following conditions：low family income,long distances to school,boarding students,large scale of class,located in the mountains,village committee support and donated schools.Therefore,the small rural schools located in remote mountainous areas with poor geographical conditions,where per capita incomes are low,should be retained and restored.In the implementation of restoring small rural schools,the wide participation of farmers and the village committee support are very important,so ＂One Thing,One Decision＂ governance model of rural education should be encouraged according to circumstances.