不同生长速度型鸡胚胎发育后期肌纤维形态学对比分析

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Morphological Comparative Study in Chickens with Different Growth Rate during the Late Embryonic Development

以快大黄鸡、竹丝鸡、矮脚黄鸡和杏花鸡12~18日胚龄的鸡胚为试验素材,通过对四个品种各胚龄腿肌纤维和胸肌纤维的直径和横截面积进行观察和测量,对比不同品种鸡胚胎期腿肌和胸肌发育的差异。结果表明:不同品种鸡骨骼肌发育在胚胎期存在差异(P<0.05),体型较大、长速较快的鸡较早融合出完整肌纤维轮廓,但在胚胎末期各品种鸡肌纤维的直径大小无明显差异(P>0.05)。各品种鸡的腿肌发育都快于胸肌(P<0.05),腿肌纤维直径在各胚龄均大于胸肌纤维(P<0.05)。研究结果为揭示不同品种间肌纤维生长特性及肉质差异积累理论基础。

In this study, the leg muscles and breast muscles from E12 to E18 of fast growth yellow chicken, silky fowl, dwarf yellow chicken and Xinghua chicken were used as experimental materials. The diameter and cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle fiber were observed and measured to compare the differences of leg muscle and breast muscle between different breeds in the development of chicken embryo. The results showed that the development of chicken embryonic skeletal muscle were different between the four breeds （P〈0.05）. The larger and fast growth chickens could fuse a complete outline of the muscle fibers at earlier age than the smaller and slow growth chickens （P〈0.05）. However, the muscle fiber diameter had no significant difference between varieties in the late embryonic period （P〉0.05）. Leg muscle development was faster than the breast muscle in the four breeds （P〈0.05）, and the leg muscle fiber diameter was greater than the breast muscle during every embryonic ages （P〈0.05）. This study could provide a theoretical basis for revealing the growth characteristics of muscle fiber and the difference of meat quality in various chicken breeds.