从“制度整合”到“治理整合”:我国多民族国家政治整合的方式选择

From Institutional Integration to Governance Integration:the Mode Selection for Political Integration of Multi-ethnic Country of China

在当前典型的多民族国家中,主流的政治整合方式有两种:一种是以民族成员个体为整合单位的"公民身份权利制度"整合方式,另一种是以民族群体成员为整合单位的"民族区域自治制度"整合方式。这两种政治整合方式孰优孰劣,诸位学者各持己见,尚无定论。从本体上看,这两种政治整合方式本身并无优劣之分,关键要视实施制度的土壤而定,进一步而言,国家对民族的政治整合应从选择制度方式转移到关注制度的运行层面和实际治理效果上来,即关注治理的有效性。

Among the current typical multinational countries,there are two mainstream modes of political integration： one is the ＂ citizenship rights system＂ whose integration unit is national individual member,the other is the ＂ ethnic regional autonomy system＂ whose unit is the ethnic group member. Which is better？ It is still a question to be answered. From the point of view of ontology,there are no good or bad between them,the key depends on the soil for implementation of the system. Moreover,national political integration should be transferred from selection mode to focusing on system operation and actual effect of integration,namely the effectiveness of the governance.