年龄因素对慢性主观性头晕患者的情绪睡眠及症状严重程度的影响

目的探讨慢性主观性头晕（CSD）患者年龄因素对情绪、睡眠及症状严重程度的影响。方法以问卷调查方式，收集2014年4月至2016--$-4月120例慢性主观性头晕患者的基本信息及临床资料，并采用头晕残障程度评定量表（DHI）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和匹茨堡睡眠质量指数问卷（PSQI）评定患者的头晕相关障碍、情绪、睡眠情况。结果120例患者中，平均年龄（49．05±10．96）岁，其中45-59岁（中年组）为分布最集中的年龄段，男女比例1：2．9，男女比例差异较老年组更明显（P〈0．05）；平均病程（3．28±3．55）年，老年组病程持续时间明显长于青年组（P〈0．05）；CSD患者中伴发焦虑（HAMA≥14分）、抑郁（HAMD≥17分）和睡眠障碍（PSQ≥7分）的比例分别为65．8％、40．8％和76．7％。青年组HAMD评分明显低于其他两组，而青年组27％伴发抑郁，明显低于老年组的51．7％（P〈0．05）。相关分析中，年龄与病程、抑郁呈正相关（P〈0．01），焦虑、抑郁、睡眠质量与头晕严重程度呈正相关（P〈0，01），焦虑、抑郁与睡眠质量呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论慢性主观性头晕伴发较多焦虑抑郁情绪和睡眠障碍，且与症状严重程度相关。年龄不是CSD患者的焦虑症状、睡眠质量和头晕程度的影响因素，而更多与抑郁症状相关。

Objective To explore the influence of age factors on mood, sleep and severity of symptoms in patients with chronic subjective dizziness （ CSD ） . Methods 120 cases of patients with chronic dizziness were included in the study and the questionnaire, clinical data and basic information were collected from April 2014 to April 2016. The Disability Rating Scale （ DHI ） , Hamilton Anxiety Scale （ HAMA ） , Hamilton Depression Scale （ HAMD ） and Pittsburgh sleep quality index （ PSQI ） , dizziness related disorders were used to evaluate the patient＇s mood and sleep. Results In 120 patients, mean age 49.05 ±10.96 years, of which 45-59 years old （ middle age group ） for the age distribution of the most concentrated, the proportion of male and female 1 ： 2.9, male to female ratio difference was more obvious than in the elderly group （ P〈0.05 ） ; the average duration of 3.28 ± 3.55 years old group was significantly longer than the duration of the youth group （ P〈0.05 ） ; CSD patients with anxiety （ HAMA≥14 ） , depression （ HAMD≥ 17 ） and sleep disorders （ PSQ≥7 ） were 65.8%, 40.8% and 76.7%. The HAMD score of the youth group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups, while in the youth group, the incidence of depression was significantly lower than that of the elderly group （ P〈27% ） , which was significantly lower than that in the elderly group （ P〈0.05 ） . Correlation analysis of depression was positively correlated with the course of disease, age （ P〈0.01 ） , related to anxiety and depression, sleep quality and dizziness severity was positively correlated （ P〈0.01 ） , anxiety, depression and sleep quality was positive （ P〈0.05 ） . Conclusion Chronic subjective dizziness associates with more anxiety and depression, sleep disorders and associated with the severity of symptoms. Age is not a significant factor in CSD patients with anxiety symptoms, sleep quality , and dizziness , but is associated with depressive symptoms.