浙江省2010和2013年成人二手烟暴露现状调查

Investigating the exposure status of secondhand smoking in adults of Zhejiang province in 2010 and 2013

目的了解浙江省2010和2013年成人二手烟暴露现状,为制定有效的控烟措施提供科学依据。方法分别于2010和2013年采用多阶段整群随机抽样法抽取浙江省15个县(区)2 111名15~69岁的居民进行面对面问卷调查。采用全球成人烟草调查(GATS)问卷,问卷内容包括背景信息、吸烟情况、二手烟暴露情况、禁烟情况、对禁烟的态度和认知。采用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行统计描述及χ~2检验。结果 2010和2013年浙江省15~69岁非吸烟者的二手烟暴露比例分别为62.52%和58.98%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2010和2013年分别有54.48%和52.81%的调查对象报告有人在自己家中吸烟,分别有70.74%和65.38%的调查对象报告有人在室内工作场所吸烟,分别有47.46%和41.03%的调查对象报告有人在公共场所吸烟。与2010年比较,2013年工作场所、公共场所二手烟暴露情况有所改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2010和2013年室内工作场所有全面禁烟规定的分别为16.78%和19.32%,没有禁烟规定的分别为45.38%和42.40%。2010和2013年在有全面禁烟规定和没有禁烟规定的场所看到有人吸烟的比例差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2010和2013年,吸烟者对公共场所应当禁烟的态度表示同意的分别为52.70%和58.22%,非吸烟者对公共场所应当禁烟的态度表示同意的分别为73.23%和79.76%。2010和2013年非吸烟者对公共场所应该禁烟的态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论浙江省居民"二手烟"暴露情况依然严重,加强禁烟规定和立法才能有效减少"二手烟"暴露。

Objective To understand the exposure status of secondhand smoke in aduhs of Zhejiang province in 2010 and 2013 and to provide the scientific basis for the effective tobacco control measures. Methods In 2010 and 2013, 2 111 residents （15-69 years old） from 15 counties were selected as the subjects using stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method and investigated by interview and questionnaire. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey （GATS） questionnaire was used, which included the background information, smoking status, exposure to secondhand smoking, smoking ban, attitudes towards smoking and awareness. SPSS 18.0 statistical software was used for statistical descriphon and X^2 test. Results The proportions of secondhand smoking exposure in non-smokers （15-69 years old） of Zhejiang province in 2010 and 2013 were 62.52% and 58.98%, there was no significant difference of non-smokers exposure between 2010 and 2013 （P〉0.05）. In 2010 and 2013, 54.48% and 52.81% of subjects reported secondhand smoking exposure in their own homes, 70.74% and 65.38% of subjects reported secondhand smoking exposure in the indoor workplaces, and 47.46% and 41.03% of subjects reported secondhand smoking exposure in public areas. There were significant differences of secondhand smoking exposure in the indoor workplaces and in public areas between 2010 and 2013 （P〈0.05）. In 2010 and 2013, the proportions of indoor workplaces with no smoking regulation were 16.78% and 19.32%, the proportions of indoor workplaces without no smoking regulation were 45.38% and 42.40%.In 2010 and 2013, there was significant difference between the areas with no smoking regulation and the areas without no smoking regulation （P〈0.05）. In 2010 and 2013, 52.70% and 58.22% of smokers agreed to no smoking in public areas, 73.23% and 79.76% of non-smokers agreed to no smoking in public areas, there was significant difference of non-smokers between 2010 and 2013 （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The secondhand smoking exposure in residents of Zhejiang province is heavy, the no smoking regulation should be improved to inhibit the secondhand smoking exposure.