采收和存放时间对柠檬香茅得油率及其挥发油主成分的影响

The Influences of Harvest Time and Storage Period on the Yield and Chemical Components of Cymbopogon flexuosus Oil

为了研究在不同的采收月份和存放时间条件下柠檬香茅得油率及其挥发油主成分的变化情况,采用水蒸气蒸馏法对不同采收月份、不同存放时间的柠檬香茅测定得油率,利用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对柠檬香茅油的化学成分进行分析,峰面积归一化法定量,观察采收月份以及存放时间对柠檬香茅挥发油成分的影响。试验结果表明:柠檬香茅中的挥发油含量(以绝干计)在9月和12月较高,以9月为最高。柠檬香茅油中的主要成分为月桂烯、橙花醛和香叶醛,相对质量分数均大于10%;橙花醛和香叶醛的总相对质量分数从3月(68.02%)到9月(76.16%)呈增加趋势;柠檬香茅草存放30~40 d时,绝干得油率以及柠檬香茅油中的香叶醛和橙花醛含量相对较高。

In order to study the oil yield and main components ofCymbopogon flexuosus with different harvest time and storage period, sample oils were obtained by steam distillation. The chemical components in these oils were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC-MS with peak area normalization, so as the influences of harvest monthand storage period on oil yield and main components in oil were studied. The results showed that the oil yield ofCymbopogon lfexuosus were higher with samples harvested in September and December. And their main chemical components were myrcene, neral, and geranial, their relative mass fractions were all above 10%. The total relative mass fractions of neral and geranial with samples harvested between March and September increased from 68.02% to 76.16%. After storing about 30 to 40 days, the absolute yield, the relative contents of geranial and neral of the Cymbopogon flexuosus oil were relatively high.