济宁市农村初中生攻击性行为与家庭环境的关系

The influence of family environment on aggressive behaviors of middle school students in rural areas of Jining

目的探讨济宁市农村初中生攻击性行为现状及其与家庭环境的关系,分析影响农村初中生攻击性行为的主要家庭环境因素。方法 2016年4~5月,在济宁市采用多阶段抽样方法,运用攻击性行为量表、家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)对1 485人农村初中生进行问卷调查。结果男生攻击性行为总分(91.52±20.39)分,高于女生(88.95±19.31)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.490,P=0.013)。独生子女攻击性行为总分(92.26±19.20)分,高于非独生子女(89.39±20.02)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.439,P=0.015)。不同年级、不同学习成绩学生攻击性行为总分差异均有统计学意义(F=17.518、8.839,P=0.000、0.000)。初中生攻击性行为各维度得分均与矛盾性呈正相关关系(r=0.112~0.298),身体攻击、间接攻击、愤怒和敌意与亲密度、道德观和组织性呈负相关关系(r=-0.285^-0.023)。高年级、家庭不完整、矛盾性、控制性对攻击性行为有正向预测,道德观、组织性、知识性对其有负性预测作用。结论农村初中生攻击性行为与家庭环境有关,可通过改善家庭环境避免其攻击性行为的发生。

Objective To explore the influence of family environment on aggressive behaviors of middle school students in rural areas of Jining. Methods A questionnaire survey using Aggressive Behavior Scale（ABS）and Family Environment Scale（FES）was conducted among 1 485 middle school students randomly selected by multi-stage sampling method in rural areas of Jining. Results The overall ABS scores were higher among male students and the only-child students compared to female students and non only-child students,the differences were significant（91.52±20.39 vs 88.95±19.31,92.26±19.20 vs 89.39±20.02,P〈0.05）,and the score of ABS varied remarkably among students in different grade and with different academic performance（F=17.518,8.839,P=0.000,0.000）.The score of each dimension of ABS was positively correlated with family conflict（r=0.112-0.298）and negatively correlated with intimacy,morality and integrity（r=-0.285--0.023）.Multiple factors analysis showed that students in higher grades,in families with conflict,control and single parenthood were more likely to have aggressive behaviors.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that contradictoriness,independence and mother′s education could positively predict aggressive behaviors,while,unification and moral religion had negative prediction. Conclusions Aggressive behaviors of rural junior high school students are influenced by family environment,which needs to be improved to reduce aggressive behaviors.