环境伦理视阈下的北极资源开发研究

Environmental Ethics from Perspective of the Exploitation of Arctic Resources

北极贮藏着丰富的资源,随着北极冰层的消融、全球经济的发展、国际政治环境的变化,北极地区已经到了资源大规模开发的前期。北极地区在资源开发的过程中出现了生物物种消亡、垃圾污染、核污染与海洋污染等问题。环境伦理学说为北极资源的可持续开发和环境的保护提供了有效的理论参照,可以该理论为视角分析北极资源开发所造成的问题,通过建立尊重自然价值的观念、克服代内国际间不平等、注重代际公平途径实现北极资源利用与生态环境保护的平衡。中国可在遵守国际法的基本原则下,加强与北极国家及相关国际组织的合作,促进北极资源开发与环境保护的和谐发展。

The Arctic stores abundant resources, now with the development of global economy, changes in international political environment and the ice melting process in Arctic region,it has reached an early time of exploiting arctic resources in a large scale. But during the process,problems like species extinction and pollution from garbage,nuclear and marine have appeared as well. Environmental ethics provides theoretical references as how to get sustainable development of the arctic resources and protect the environment in the mean time. By analyzing the reasons behind these phenomenon ,it is possible to achieve a balance between Arctic resources utilization and environmental protection by Establishing respect for the concept of natural value,pursuing inter- generational equality and focusing on inter-generational equity.And put forward responsibility and path of China＇s participation in the Arctic resource development and the governance issues.