甲醛毒性作用机制的研究现状

Research progress on the toxicity mechanism of formaldehyde

甲醛在生产生活中广泛应用,接触人数较多,主要集中在木材加工、防腐、化工生产、纺织行业,部分水果中也天然存在,是粘合剂脲醛树脂、酚醛树脂、油漆、合成树脂、塑料、人造纤维等物质生产过程中所需的主要原料之一。甲醛对人群的健康造成了严重的威胁,可致阻塞型肺病,过量蓄积可造成慢性脑损伤,可能是散发性老年记忆衰退的原因之一;甲醛可引起窦性心律失常、心肌损害、动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病;也可引起遗传和生殖系统病变。近年来,对甲醛毒性作用及其作用机制,尤其是对其特殊毒性的研究已成为重点。本文对甲醛毒性作用机制的研究情况和最新进展进行综述。

Formaldehyde is widely used in the production and life,and exposed by many workers（mainly in wood processing,preservation,chemical production,textile,and some naturally in fruits）. It is one of main raw materials in production of urea-formaldehyde,resins,phenolic resins,paints,synthetic resin adhesives,plastics,fibres and others. It has a serious threat to people＇s health. Formaldehyde can cause obstructive lung disease,chronic brain injury caused by excessive accumulation,and may be one of the causes of sporadic memory loss in the elderly;formaldehyde can cause sinus arrhythmia,cardiac damage,atherosclerosis,other cardiovascular diseases,and some genetic and reproductive system diseases. In recent years,the study of toxicity and mechanism of formaldehyde,especially for the particular toxicity has become a focus of study. In this review,the research progress and recent progress of the mechanism of formaldehyde toxicity are reviewed.