哲学的语言学转向:一劳永逸抑或临时避难所

The linguistic turn of philosophy: Once for all or temporary shelter

19世纪末20世纪初,自然科学的蓬勃发展使西方哲学面临失去研究对象的困境,哲学存在的必要性受到人们的普遍质疑;现代逻辑的产生则为新的哲学研究对象的出现提供了灵感和启示。在这样的时代背景下,哲学领域发生了"语言学转向"。语言不仅是传统哲学的症结所在,也是哲学进一步发展所必然面对的根本问题。"语言学转向"虽未能从根本上解决传统哲学问题,但却为哲学开辟了新的研究领域,为哲学家们提供了崭新的研究视角,促进了科学主义与人本主义的汇流,哲学也由认识论阶段进入语言哲学阶段。

At the end of 19^(th) century and early 20^(th) century,the vigorous development of natural science put the western philosophy in a difficult situation,and the western philosophy faced the dilemma of losing its objects of study.Then the necessity of the existence of philosophy was widely questioned.The emergence of the modern logic provided the inspiration and enlightenment for the appearance of the new research objects of philosophy.With this background of the times,the'linguistic turn'occurred in the field of philosophy.Language was not only the crux of traditional philosophy,but also the fundamental problem of philosophy to be solved for the further development of philosophy.Although the'linguistic turn'failed to fundamentally solve the problems of traditional philosophy,it provided a new research field and a new perspective for philosophy and philosophers,promoting the confluence of the scientism and humanism.Then the philosophy has stepped from the epistemology stage to the stage of philosophy of language.