山药多糖对妊娠期糖尿病小鼠的影响

Chinese Yam Polysaccharides Can Improve Blood Glucose on Mice with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:观察山药多糖对妊娠期糖尿病小鼠的影响。方法:采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导复制妊娠期糖尿病小鼠模型。将造模成功的妊娠糖尿病模型小鼠随机分为模型组、山药多糖低剂量组、山药多糖中剂量组和山药多糖高剂量组,并以正常妊娠小鼠作为正常组,每组10只。山药多糖低、中、高各剂量组小鼠分别灌胃山药多糖的浓度为100 mg/(kg·d)、200 mg/(kg·d)、400 mg/(kg·d),模型组及正常组均以同体积的生理盐水灌胃,持续14天。分别于给药的第0天、第7天和第14天检测其空腹血糖情况,在给药的第0天和第14天称量小鼠体质量,记录各组小鼠的饮食和饮水量。测定胰岛素水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),测定血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平。处死孕鼠后剥离胎鼠,计数胎鼠数量、胎鼠重量及胎盘重量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠在第0天时,体质量较低;在第14天时,体质量显著升高;模型组小鼠24 h摄食量、24 h饮水量、空腹血糖值、血清胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗指数、血清TC、TG水平显著升高,HDL-C水平明显降低,模型组胎鼠重量和胎盘重量显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,在第7天时,山药多糖中、高剂量组小鼠空腹血糖值显著降低;在第14天时,山药多糖低、中、高各剂量组小鼠空腹血糖值显著降低;山药多糖各剂量组小鼠24 h摄食量、24 h饮水量、血清胰岛素水平、胰岛抵抗指数、小鼠体质量、血清TC水平、血清TG水平显著降低,胎鼠重量和胎盘重量均有所下降,HDL-C显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:山药多糖有改善妊娠期糖尿病小鼠血糖的作用,其机制可能与改善胰岛素抵抗、调节脂质代谢有关。

Objective： To observe the effect of Chinese yam polysaccharides on mice with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods： Adopted streptozotocin（STZ）-induced diabetic mice, and divided the model mice with gestational diabetes mellitus into the model group, low, medium and high dose groups of Chinese yam polysaccharides randomly, 10 cases in each.Another 10 pregnant mice were selected as the normal group. The low, medium and high dose groups of Chinese yam polysaccharides were given Chinese yam polysaccharides with the concentration of 100 mg/（kg·d）, 200 mg/（kg·d） and 400 mg/（kg·d） respectively by gavage; the model group and the normal group were given same volume of saline by gavage, lasting for fourteen days. Detected fasting blood glucose of the mice before medication, and the seventh and fourteenth day of medication respectively. Weighed the body mass of mice, and recorded dietary amount and drinking amount before medication and the fourteenth day of medication. Calculated insulin resistance index（HOMA-IR）, detected insulin level, and level of serum total cholesterol（TC）, triglyceride（TG） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）. After pregnant mice were sacrificed,separated fetal mice, calculated the amount of the fetal mice, and the weight of the fetal mice and placenta. Results： Body mass of the model group was lower than that of the normal group before medication, which was increased significantly in the fourteenth day of medication. After medication, comparing with the normal group, 24-hour dietary amount, 24-hour drinking amount, fasting blood glucose score, levels of serum insulin, insulin resistance index, serum TC and TG were significantly increased in the model group, and HDL-C levels were decreased significantly, weight of the fetal mice and placenta was significantly increased, the differences all being significant（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Comparing with the model group, fasting blood glucose scores of the medium and high dose groups of Chinese yam polysaccharides were decreased significantly in the seventh day of medication, which were decreased significantly in the low, medium and high dose groups of Chinese yam polysaccharides in the fourteenth day of medication; 24-hour dietary amount, 24-hour drinking amount, fasting blood glucose scores, levels of serum insulin, insulin resistance index, serum TC and TG were significantly decreased in the low, medium and high dose groups of Chinese yam polysaccharides, and HDL-C levels were increased significantly, weight of the fetal mice and placenta was decreased significantly, the differences all being significant（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Chinese yam polysaccharides can improve blood glucose of mice with gestational diabetes mellitus, whose mechanism may be related to improvement of insulin resistance and regulation of lipid metabolism.