对话失败引发的“性骚扰”指控——巴赫金对话理论视阈下的《奥利安娜》

An Accusation of Sexual Harassment Caused by the Failure of Dialogism——An Analysis of Oleanna from the Perspective of Bakhtin's Theory of Dialogism

《奥利安娜》是美国著名剧作家大卫·马梅特的剧作。女生卡罗尔在和教授交流后,指控教授企图对她进行"性骚扰"。从巴赫金对话理论的视角看,剧中的"性骚扰"指控其实是教授约翰与卡罗尔对话失败所致:在对话过程中,双方背离了对话的平等原则,同时也忽略了负面情绪的影响以及对话的具体语境。在巴赫金看来,语言的生命在于具体使用,而使用过程中要注意使用者地位的平等、对话情绪及对话语境。由于影响言语解码的重要因素在教授约翰和女生卡罗尔对话时都被忽视或误植,二人的对话失败是不可避免的。

Oleanna is one of the most famous plays written by David Mamet. Carol, the girl student charges the professor with ＂sexual harassment＂ after a discussion with the professor over her study. If analyzed from the perspective of Bakhtin＇ s theory of dialogism, the accusation against the professor in fact resuhs from the failure of dialogism： the primary factor of equality is neglected, Carol＇ s negative mood is not considered seriously and the concrete context of the dialogism is ill-transplanted by Carol in the course of dialbgism. In the opinion of Bakhtin, language＇ s vitality lies in concrete use and great importance should be attached to the equality of both parties, the mood both participants hold and the context in which the dialogism happens. Owing to the fact that some important factors which help to make the dialogism process smooth are either neglected or misused, the failure seems inevitable.