一起误食毒蘑菇引起6人死亡的食物中毒调查分析

Investigation of a wild mushroom poisoning incident

目的对2015年发生的一起食用野生蘑菇中毒事件进行调查分析,明确其中毒原因及毒素类别。方法通过流行病学调查以及对患者血液、剩余食物进行实验室检测分析后,综合判断本次食物中毒原因。结果本次食物中毒为家庭聚集性食物中毒,暴露人数6人,全部发病并且死亡,临床症状表现为典型的食用有毒蘑菇后多脏器损害型症状,剩余食物蘑菇汤和菌体中均检出鹅膏毒肽和鬼笔毒肽两种毒素,但患者血液由于血液灌流后未检出鹅膏毒肽和鬼笔毒肽。结论本次食物中毒是由误食有毒野生蘑菇引起,为防范该类事件再次发生,应做好宣传教育,告知群众不采不食野生蘑菇,若发生食用野生蘑菇中毒情况及时就医治疗。

Objective To investigate a poisoning caused by wild mushrooms and to identify the toxin in these mushrooms. Methods Epidemiological investigation,blood test and mushroom toxin were analyzed. Results This incident was taken place in one family,and all family members were dead. Multiple organ damage was observed in all patients; amatoxins and virotoxins were detected in both mushrooms and the soup,but were not detected in blood samples because of dialysis. Conclusion The incident was caused by wild mushrooms and public education shoud be strenthened to urge people to avoid eating wild mushrooms and go to the hospital immediately if poisoning takes place.