从科举到新式学堂到报人作家——以卢天白、尤墨君为例看民初文学的“通俗化”

From the Imperial Examination to the New Style School to the Newspaper Writer——On the Popularization of Literature in the Early Period of the Republic of China by taking Lu Tianbai and You Mojun as Examples

在"新派"文学全面兴起之前,"旧派"通俗文学曾一度成为清末民初文坛的"市场主流"。"旧派"文坛最大限度地接纳了转型中的近代知识分子,为大部分失去举业的"士人"提供了暂时的出路与"表达途径",其中也包括接受过"新式学堂"教育的"预备"留学人士,如卢天白和尤墨君等。他们没有像"留学生"那样成为了"新派",也没有凭借在新式学堂的教育而增进"创作力",反而和大多数普通的知识分子一样靠着"旧学"根底谋得了"撰稿者"的身份,并与庞大的"旧式文人"撰稿群体一起促成了"旧派"文学的兴盛,"塑造"了民初文学的"通俗化"倾向。

Before the rise of the ＂new school＂ literature, the ＂old school＂ popular literature once became the ＂mainstream of the market＂ of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. ＂Old school＂ literary circles accepted the intellectuals to the maximum who were going thought the ＂identity change＂ and supplied the majority of the lost ＂scholars＂ a temporary way out which -al- so included the intellectuals who had been given ＂new - style＂ education and maybe had been prepared for studying abroad, such as Lu Tianbai and You Mojun and so on. They neither like the ＂students＂ who became a ＂new school＂ members, nor by virtue of new style education to enhance the ＂creative power＂. Like the majority of ordinary intellectuals they also relied on ＂old school＂ root to be- come a writer, and together with the huge ＂old style＂ writers they built the prosperity of the ＂old school＂ literary and shaping the ＂popular＂ tendency of it.