《牛虻》风行的时局与中国传播的圣化

The Political Situation during the Popularity of The Gadfly and Its Sanctification in China

爱尔兰女作家伏尼契的小说《牛虻》是"外国译介促使原著成名"的典型实例。《牛虻》在"激情燃烧的岁月"里来到红色中国,在主流意识形态的刻意助推下,借由多种传播渠道,认可度曾经很高并一度被"圣化"与"偶像化",跻身革命文学经典行列。而对于"动态经典"《牛虻》的当代解读,则揭示了一个不争的事实:汇聚多种世间因缘的文学经典文本,在时间和空间的旅行过程中,纵使会经历各种因素的作用、影响,特别是世俗权力的强力介入,但最终总会摆脱种种束缚,关键只在于它是否已经是"终身性"或"永恒性"的。

The Gadfly, written by Irish writer Ethel Lilian Voynich, has been a typical example of ＂gaining popularity through translation and promotion in foreign languages＂. The Gadfly was introduced into China during the so-called ＂pas- sionate revolutionary era＂, which received deliberate promotion by the mainstream ideology through multiple spreading channels, hence enjoyed high level of recognition and even was ＂sanctified＂ and ＂idolized＂ as one of the revolutionary literary classics. Contemporary interpretation of this ＂dynamic classic＂reveals an indisputable fact：the literary classical text as a convergence of a variety of worldly factors, during its journey through time and space, would experience different influence and impact from various factors, especially the strong involvement of secular power, but in the end, it will always get rid of all kinds of bondage,while the key issue lies with the question whether it is ＂perpetual＇or ＂eternal＂.