2015年湖南省郴州市重点人群碘营养水平调查分析

Investigation on the iodine nutritional status among the key population in Chenzhou City, Hunan Province, 2015

目的了解分析湖南省郴州市重点人群碘营养水平，为科学调控碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法2015年按照《湖南省碘缺乏病监测方案（试行）》要求，抽取郴州市全部11个县（市、区），每个县（市、区）按东、西、南、北、中各抽取1个乡镇，每个乡镇抽取4个行政村，每个行政村抽取15户居民采集食用盐样；每个乡镇抽取1所小学。每所小学抽取40名8～10岁儿童（男、女各半）采集尿样，并检查甲状腺肿大情况；每个乡镇抽取20名孕妇采集尿样。分别采用直接滴定法和砷铈催化分光光度法测定盐碘和尿碘含量，采用触诊法检查甲状腺肿大情况。结果2015年全市共监测居民食用盐3300份，盐碘中位数为25．2mg／kg。碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99．61％（3287／3300），95．30％（3145／3300），均达到碘缺乏病消除标准。共检测2200份8～10岁儿童尿样，尿碘含量中位数为238．98μg／L，各县（市、区）儿童尿碘含量比较差异有统计学意义（H=32．25，P〈0．01）。共检查2200名8-10岁儿童，未发现甲状腺肿大情况。共检测1100份孕妇尿样，尿碘含量中位数为204．25μg／L，各县（市、区）孕妇尿碘含量比较差异有统计学意义（H=117．47，P〈0．01）。结论郴州市重点人群碘营养水平总体处于适宜水平，但仍需持续加强碘缺乏病防治监测和健康教育。

Objective To study the iodine nutritional status among the key population in Chenzhou City of Hunan Province, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD）. Methods According to the ＂Hunan Iodized Salt Monitoring Pilot Scheme＂, total of 11 counties （cities, districts） were selected in Chenzhou City in 2015. One township was selected by east, west, south, north and center in each county （city, district）. Four villages were drawn from each township, and 15 households were selected from each village to collect salt samples. Forty children aged 8 to 10 years old （half male half female） were selected from each primary school in each township. Urine samples were taken and the goiter was examined. Totally 20 pregnant women were selected from each township and urine samples were collected. The content of iodine in salt samples and urine samples were detected by the method of direct titration and As-Ce catalytic speetrophotometry, respectively. The status of goiter was detected using palpation. Results Totally 3 300 salt samples were detected in 2015, the median of salt iodine content was 25.2 mg/kg. The coverage and qualified iodized salt consumption rates were 99.61% （3 287/3 300） and 95.30% （3 145/3 300）, respectively, which achieved the standard for the elimination of IDD. Totally 2 200 urine samples of children aged 8 to 10 years old were tested, the median of urinary iodine was 238.98 μg/L. There was variations of urinary iodine in children aged 8 to 10 years old in each county （H = 32.25, P 〈 0.01）. Totally 2 200 children aged 8 to 10 years old were checked, and no goiter was found. Totally 1 100 urine samples of pregnant women were detected, the median of urinary iodine was 204.25 μg/L. There was variations of urinary iodine in pregnant women in each county （H = 117.47, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions Totally, the iodine nutritional status among the key population is appropriate education should be continuously strengthened in the future.