清初庙堂文人诗学意识形态之建构——以施闰章、魏裔介、冯溥为中心

The Construction of Poetic Ideology by Imperial Court Literati at the Early Qing Dynasty:Centered on Shi Runzhang,Wei Yijie and Feng Pu

以施闰章、魏裔介、冯溥为代表的清初庙堂文人,对诗坛进行整饬和规范:通过批判晚明诗风,重申诗歌的教化功用,向儒家诗教回归;通过反思清初诗风,倡导正风正雅;以"雅正"诗学为主导,对前代成果兼收并蓄,肯定唐诗正统,有限度地承认宋诗和明诗的价值,在此基础上建立清王朝的诗学意识形态。他们所构建的诗学规范,契合了清政权重构政治意识形态的需求。

The imperial court literati represented by Shi Runzhang, Wei Yijie and FengPuconducted a series of the rectifications and regulations. They reiterated the didactical functions of poetry by criticizing the poetic style in the late Ming Dynasty and returning to the Confucianist poetic instruction. They reflected on the poetic style in the early Qing Dynasty and advocated righteous styles and elegance. They assigned a dominant role to ＂elegance and righteousness＂ and poetic morality in Tang Dynasty while assimilating achievements by previous dynasties and recognizing the value of poetry in Song Dynasty and Ming Dynasty with restraint. Based on these practices, they constructed the poetic ideology of the Qing Dynasty. The poetic regulations set by them met the needs of the Qing government to reconstruct political ideology.