肌肉离心收缩的后激活增强效应对纵跳能力的影响

Influence of the Post-Activation Enhancement Effect of Muscle Eccentric Contraction on Vertical Jump Ability

目的:探讨不同离心负荷激活干预对后激活增强效应所产生的影响及有效作用时间。方法:通过对14名普通男性大学生运用肌肉离心收缩激活方式,观察后续纵跳表现的影响。结果:在激活干预后即刻,对照组与离心负荷(105%1RM和125%1RM)激活干预两个实验组纵跳峰值功率和纵跳的高度没有显著差异,激活干预两个组之间的纵跳表现没有显著差异。激活干预的两组在T3和T6时段的纵跳功率峰值均明显高于对照组。在T3时段两个激活干预实验组纵跳高度峰值明显高于对照组,在T6时段,105%1RM激活干预组的纵跳高度明显增加。结论:纵跳测试前加入大强度的离心负荷刺激会小幅度提高纵跳的能力,不同强度离心负荷的激活干预的后激活增强效应差异性不大,采用105%1RM强度的离心负荷激活干预在3~6 min有明显的后激活增强效应。

Purpose： To explore the influence and effective time of different eccentric load activation intervention on post-activation enhancement effect.Method： Muscle eccentric contraction method was applied to the 14 ordinary male university students to observe the subsequent effect in vertical jump. Result： Immediately after the activation intervention, there was no significant difference between the vertical jump peak power and height of the control group and the two experiment groups of eccentric load（105%1RM 125%1RM） activation intervention. And there was no obvious difference between the vertical jump performance of the two experiment groups. The vertical jump peak power of the two experiment groups during the periods of T3 and T6 was significantly higher than that of the control group. At T3, the vertical jump peak power of both the two groups was clearly higher than that of the control group. At T6, the vertical jump height of the group with 105% 1RM activation intervention increased apparently. Conclusion： Before the vertical jump test,intensive eccentric load stimulation may improve the vertical jump ability to a small extent. There is no big difference between the post-activation enhancement effects following the activation intervention with different intensity eccentric load. Significant post-activation enhancement effect can be observed 3-6 minutes after the activation intervention with 105%1RM eccentric load.