明代社会治理中的政统道统冲突研究——以东林党争为例

A Study on Conflict between Politics and Taoism in Social Governance of Ming Dynasty——A Case Study of Donglin Faction Fighting

东林党争是明朝由盛转衰的标志性事件,也是儒家传统士大夫政治与明朝末年政治生态博弈的典型代表。本文结合东林党争的历史事实,以道统的运作逻辑为线索,对道统体系在东林党争中的表现进行考察。研究发现,东林党争实际上是明朝专制统治下道统与政统的直接对抗,相比以往政统与道统的对抗交合,东林党争体现出更强烈的反专制色彩。作为社会治理方式的政统与道统之间的交合与互动,为当下国家治理和社会治理的平衡关系具有深刻借鉴意义。

In the Ming Dynasty,the Donglin Faction Fighting is seen as a landmark of developing from prosperity to decline,as well as a typical representative of the traditional Confucian politics of scholar-officials and the political-ecological game of the late Ming dynasty.Based on the historical facts of the Donglin Faction Fighting,the paper,taking the operation logic of the Taoism as a clue,investigates the effect of the Taoism in the Donglin Faction Fighting.It is found that the Donglin Faction Fighting is actually a direct confrontation between the Taoism and the Politics under the dictatorship of the Ming Dynasty.Compared with the previous Taoism and Politics Cooperative-Confrontation,Donglin Faction＇s competition shows a stronger anti-authoritarian color.As a kind of social governance,the politics and Taoism＇s intercourse and interaction undertakes a profound reference to the balance between the current state governance and social governance.