“去小农化”与“再小农化”?——重思食品安全问题

“Peasants Decreasing”and“Peasants Re-increasing”: Rethinking Food Safety Issue

近年来,"道德失灵"、"政府失灵"、"市场失灵"等被当作引发食品安全危机的症结所在。不同学者主要从两个相反的向度来分析食品安全问题,一种是以"去政治化"的视角将食物体系的可控性不足作为食品安全问题的根源,并试图通过产业链的纵向垂直整合等"去小农化"的战略来应对食品安全问题,但这只会增强食物体系的双向控制能力,加剧生产和消费的"断联";另一种是以"再政治化"的视角尝试将现代食物体系的权力结构清晰化,并通过将食品的生产和消费与人类社区生活重新联结起来的战略构建替代性食物体系。当前我国社会上涌现出来的部分实践活动为"再小农化"创造了一定的空间,不失为重建食品信任的一种替代性选择。

In the recent years,moral failure,government failure,market failure have been accused of being the crux of the food safety crisis.Different scholars analyze this issue from two opposite perspectives,one of which owes the food safety crisis to the lack of controllability of food system.Accordingly,the strategies of'Peasants decreasing'through capital-intensification and vertical integration of food industrial chain,which strengthen modern food system,are put forward to cope with the dilemma.The other perspective is re-politicizing the power structure of modern food system,thus the strategies of reconnecting food production,consumption and community are put into practice as alternative food system.There also have emerging some practices of'peasants re-increasing',which could be an effective way to reconstruct food trust.