动态气调贮藏对蓝莓采后生理代谢品质的影响

Effects of Dynamic Modified Atmosphere Storage on Quality of Physiological Metabolism of the Postharvest Blueberry

目的以"奥尼尔"蓝莓为实验材料,研究在1℃下,普通贮藏、静态气调包装(O_2和CO_2的体积分数分别为5%,30%)和动态气调包装(在O_2和CO_2的体积分数分别为5%,50%的环境中贮藏4 d后转为O_2和CO_2的体积分数分别为5%,30%)对采后蓝莓果实生理品质以及耐藏性的影响。方法以7 d为周期,对酶促防御系统的酶活性、抗性相关酶活性、非酶促防御系统的抗氧化物质的含量、呼吸速率、果实硬度进行测定。结果与普通贮藏相比,动态气调贮藏以及静态贮藏均激发了果实自身的防御系统,而动态气调包装更能够使过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性得到提高,有效控制了还原性谷胱甘肽的下降,减缓了维生素C含量的降低速率,减缓了丙二醛生成的速率,同时也抑制了多酚氧化酶的活性,有效抑制了蓝莓的褐变与腐败变质。结论动态气调贮藏能够有效控制蓝莓的衰老与腐败,维持果实原有风味,延长蓝莓的贮藏期与货架期。

The work aims to study the effects of the common storage and static modified atmosphere packaging（the volume fractions of O_2 and CO_2 were respectively 5% and 30%） and dynamic modified atmosphere packaging（the volume fractions of O_2 and CO_2 were respectively changed to 5% and 30% after stored in the environment where the volume fractions of O_2 and CO_2 were respectively 5% and 50%） at 1 ℃ on the physiology quality and storability of the est blueberry. Meanwhile, the activity of enzymatic defense system and resistance related enzymes, the concentration of antioxidants in the non-enzymatic defense system as well as respiration rate and fruit firmness were measured every 7 days. The results showed that, compared with the common storage, the dynamic modified atmosphere（DMA） and static modified atmosphere（SMA） stimulated the defense system of the fruit. However, the DMA could improve the activities of peroxidase（POD）, catalase（CAT） and superoxide dismutase（SOD） in a better way, and effectively control the decrease of GSH, slow down the decreased content of vitamin C and the generation rate of MDA, inhibit the activity of PPO, and effectively inhibit the browning and spoilage of blueberry. Dynamic modified atmosphere storage can effectively control the blueberry aging and corruption, maintainthe originalflavor of the fruit, and prolongthe storage period and shelf life of blueberry.