野生鲫与养殖鲫肌肉营养成分及抗氧化能力比较分析

Comparative analysis on nutrients and antioxidant capacity of wild and cultured crucian carp

为了比较野生鲫与配合饲料养殖鲫肌肉营养成分和抗氧化能力,分析了两种鲫的肌肉中水分、蛋白质、脂肪、灰分等常规营养成分含量以及血清与肝胰脏抗氧化指标。结果表明,配合饲料养殖鲫肌肉干粉偏黄且腥味明显,野生鲫肌肉干粉偏白且鱼香味较浓厚。野生鲫肌肉粗蛋白质、粗灰分、无氮浸出物含量均显著高于养殖鲫,但粗脂肪含量显著低于养殖鲫,水分含量无显著差异。野生鲫血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)以及谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活性分别为10.05、18.68、71.34、8.78、646.42 U/m L,均高于养殖鲫相应指标,但丙二醛(MDA)含量(8.18 U/m L)低于养殖鲫;野生鲫肝胰脏中T-AOC、GST、SOD、CAT以及GSH-Px活性分别为2.75、9.68、126.34、15.78、86.42 U/m L,均高于养殖鲫,但MDA含量(1.13 U/m L)较养殖鲫低。

To compare the meat quality and antioxidant capacity of wild and cultured crucian carp, and to provide reference for high quality crucian carp, water, protein, fat and ash in muscle of crucian carp and antioxidant indexes in serum and hepatopancreas were analyzed, respectively. Results showed that the yellow muscle powder of cultured crucian carp was obvious smell, and the white muscle powder of wild crucian carp had strong fish flavor. The crude protein, crude ash and nitrogen-free extract of wild crucian carp were significantly higher than those of cultured fish （ P 〈0.05 ）, but crude fat was significantly lower than that of cultured fish （ P 〈0.05 ）. No significant difference in water content was found. The activities of T-AOC, GST, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in the serum of wild erucian carp were 10.05 U/mL, 18.68 U/mL, 71.34 U/mL, 8.78 U/mL, 646.42 U/mL, respectively, higher than those in cultured fish, while the content of MDA in the serum of wild crucian carp was 8.18 U/mL, lower than that in cultured fish. The activities of T-AOC, GST, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px in hepatopanereas of wild crucian carp were 2.75 U/mL, 9.68 U/mL, 126.34 U/mL, 15.78 U/mL and 86.42 U/mL, respectively, higher than those in cultured fish. The content of MDA in pancreas of wild crucian carp was 1.13 U/mL, lower than that of cultured carp.