用四探针平台测量热电材料塞贝克系数的实验探索

EXPERIMENTAL EXPLORATION ON TESTING SEEBECK COEFFICIENTS OF THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS USED BY FOUR-PROBE PLATFORM

热电材料能实现电能和热能之间的相互转化,具有清洁无污染等特点,在未来能源中具有越来越重要的地位。塞贝克系数是指热电材料上存在温度差异时引起的电势差与温差的比值,是热电材料热电特性衡量的主要参数之一。本文使用四探针平台配合珀尔贴片、热像仪、数字电压表等设备搭建了塞贝克系数的测量装置。此装置不仅结构简单,测量较为准确,并可以配合精密恒流源与直流数字电压表直接测出热电材料的电导率。为本科生设计大学物理实验项目时,可以应用本文提供的测试方法结合薄膜制备手段组成热电薄膜制备与表征的一系列实验。

Thermoelectric materials can achieve conversion between heat and electricity, clean and non-pollution, which are expected to play an increasingly important role in meeting the energy challenge of future. Seebeck coefficients is the ratio of voltage and temperature differ- ence, which is one of the main parameters to measure the characteristics of thermoelectric ma- terials. Four-probe platform with Peltier tiles, thermal imager, digital voltmeter is used to build the equipment for testing of Seebeck coefficients. The equipment is not only with simple structure, higher accuracy, but also could be used to measure the conductivity with the use of precision constant current source and DC digital voltmeter. Designing physics experiment course in university for students, equipment mentioned in this paper combined with film preparation experiment could be developed to a series of experiments about preparation and characterization of thermoelectric film.