艾蒿对大豆种子萌发和根系生长的化感作用研究

Study on Allelopathic Effect of Artemisia on Seed Germination and Root Growth of Soybean

采用不同浓度(0,12.5,25.0,50.0 g·L^(-1))的艾蒿水浸提液处理5个大豆品种鹤丰、辽鲜、沪宁、毛豆29-2和韩国-45,通过测定发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、主根长、根毛区宽度和根毛密度等指标,研究了艾蒿对不同品种大豆种子萌发和根系生长的化感作用。结果表明:艾蒿水浸提液对大豆化感效应的总体趋势为浸提液浓度越高,对大豆种子萌发和根系分化的抑制作用越强,且艾蒿对大豆生长的化感作用大小与品种有关,大豆不同品种对艾蒿化感作用的敏感程度不同,5个供试品种以鹤丰最不敏感,而毛豆29-2和韩国-45较为敏感。此外,大豆各发芽和根系生长指标对艾蒿的敏感程度也不同,以发芽势和根毛区宽度对艾蒿较为敏感,可以作为衡量艾蒿对大豆化感作用的品种评价指标。

Five soybean varieties of Hefeng, Liaoxian, Huning, Maodou 29-2 and Korea-45 were treated with different con- centrations （ 0, 12. 5,25.0,50. 0 g·L-1） of Artemisia water extract. Germination rate, germination potential, germination in- dex, root length, root hair width and root hair density were studied. The allelopathic effect of Artemisia on seed germination and root growth of different varieties were studied. The results showed that the general trend of the effect of the extract of Arte- misia on the allelopathic effect of soybean was with the higher concentration of the extract, the stronger the inhibitory effect on the germination and root differentiation of soybean seeds, and the allelopathic effect of Artemisia on soybean growth was related with the variety, the sensitivity of different varieties of soybean to the allelopathy of Artemisia was different. The least sensitive of the five varieties was Hefeng, while the soybean 29-2 and Korea-45 were more sensitive. In addition, the sensitivity of soy- bean germination and root growth indexes to Artemisia was also different. The germination potential and root width were sensi- tive to Artemisia, which could be used as a measure of the allelopathy of Artemisia.