全球化时代的军民深度融合发展——基于军民知识融合视角的历史梳理与未来展望

The Military-Civilian Integrated Development in the Globalized Era——Its History and Future based on Military-Civilian Knowledge Integration

从历史维度来看,军民知识融合经历了工业社会早期的军民间知识流动、高度现代性阶段的"军民一体化"及知识与社会整合、全球化进程中的知识跨界交换。当代中国的军民深度融合发展战略在引领和激发知识创新方面蕴含巨大空间,信息技术兴起为军民间不同形式的知识交流构建了共享平台,实践中的各种军民融合知识创新集群模式是国家创新体系的重要组成部分。面向未来,应当以"总体安全观"指引军民融合新方向,寻找技术标准与非技术标准的均衡域以确定军民知识融合中的道德遵循,倡导负责任的伦理规范以走出军用机器人研发中的道德困境,确立多元主体参与的"集群"规范以畅通军民融合过程。

Historically, military-civilian knowledge integration has experienced three stages： the military-civilian knowledge flow in the early industrial societ）; the military-civilian integration and knowledge-social integration in the advanced modernized society, and the trans-field knowledge exchange in the globalization era. The military-civilian deep integrated development strategy also has great potential in leading and inspiring knowledge innovation in contemporary China. The development of information technology builds the sharing platform for various forms of military-civilian knowledge integration. Consequently, various innovation cluster patterns of military-civilian knowledge integration become a crucial part of the national innovation system. Looking to the future, the military-civilian integration should be oriented by the ＂Overall National Security Outlook＂, discover the balance domain between the technical standard and non-technical standard in order to establish the moral rules for military-civilian integration, advocate a responsible ethical code to get out of the moral dilemma of military robots, and make a ＂clustering＇ regulation for multiparty participation to expedite military-civilian integration.