戴维·米勒与罗尔斯社会正义理论比较研究

A Comparative Study of David Miller and Rawls' Theory of Social Justice

戴维·米勒认为社会正义是利益或负担的分配,他从界定人类关系模式为切入点,提出了社会正义三原则——需要、应得、平等。米勒重视结果正义,但也强调程序正义是十分重要的。对于社会正义,罗尔斯认为这是用来评价社会制度的一项首要标准,而社会制度是不是符合社会正义的要求则在于制度本身在分配社会基本善时是否符合正义的要求。罗尔斯的正义论的基本架构为原初状态、无知之幕、理性选择。

David Miller argues that social justice is the distribution of interests or burdens. He puts forward the three principles of social justice - the needs, the deserves and equality, from the perspective of defining the human relations model. Miller values the result justice, but also thinks that procedural justice is very important. For social justice, Rawls holds that it is a primary criterion for evaluating the social system, and that whether social system is in line with the requirements of social justice is dependent on whether the system itself is in line with the requirements of justice when allocating social basic goodness. The basic framework of Rawls＇ theory of justice is the original state, veil of ignorance, and rational choice.