儿童重度社区获得性肺炎相关危险因素分析

Risk factors of severe community acquired pneumonia in children

目的 探讨儿童重度社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的危险因素。 方法 选取重度CAP患儿160例为病例组，以同时期接受治疗的非重度CAP患儿160例为对照组。对可能引起儿童重度CAP的临床相关因素进行单因素检验及多因素Logistic回归分析，以调查研究引起儿童重度CAP的危险因素。 结果 单因素分析显示年龄、居住地、先天性心脏病、既往反复感染、手术史、免疫缺陷、室内环境、按时接种麻疹疫苗等因素比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05），多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示既往反复感染、手术史、免疫缺陷、先天性心脏病、室内环境污染为儿童重度CAP的危险因素，年龄、按时接种麻疹疫苗为保护因素。 结论 儿童重度CAP的发生受多种因素影响，应提高防范意识，采取综合预防措施以防止儿童重度社区获得性肺炎的发生。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of severe community acquired pneumonia （CAP） in children. Methods One hundred and sixty cases of severe CAP children were selected as the case group, and 160 cases of non severe CAP children were selected as the control group during the same period. The clinical related factors in children with severe CAP were analyzed by univariate test and Lo- gistic multivariate regression analysis in order to investigate the risk factors of severe CAP in children. Results Univariate analysis showed that age, residence, congenital heart disease, history of recurrent infection, surgery, immunodeficiency, indoor environment, timely vaccination of measles vaccine were significantly different between the two groups （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that history of recurrent infection, surgery, immunodeficiency, congenital heart disease, indoor environment pollution were risk factors for severe CAP in children, and age, time of measles vaccine were protective factors. Conclusions The incidence of severe CAP in children is influenced by many factors, so the prevantative awareness should be improved and comprehensive prevention measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of severe community acquired pneumonia in children.