投资、技术溢出与欧盟区域创新发展研究

Investment,Technology Spillovers and Regional Innovation Development in European Union

基于欧盟数据,测度欧盟28个国家创新活动的空间相关性,并建立空间面板模型研究创新类投资对欧盟区域创新的影响以及技术溢出效应。结果发现:第一,欧盟区域创新产出具有显著的空间相关性,空间集聚趋势逐年减弱;第二,商业型R&D创新投资、非R&D型创新投资、FDI对欧盟区域创新发展具有正效应。而公共型R&D创新投资具有负效应。经济水平和开放水平均有利于欧盟创新产生,而教育水平的作用不确定;第三,欧盟区域创新产出具有显著技术溢出效应。欧盟内邻近国家的创新产出对本国创新产生显著负向溢出,而邻近国家对创新产出的误差冲击会对本国的创新产出则产生显著正向溢出作用。

With panel data of EU, this paper builds spatial panel models to figure out how the innovative investment variables make impact on regional innovation in EU and how spatial technology spillover works, results are as follows： （1） There is positive and significant spatial correlation of regional innovation output in EU. Notably, the spatial agglomeration trend is weakening year by year; （2） Business R＆D investment, non-R＆D innovation in- vestment, and FDI have positive effect on the regional innovation in EU; The public R＆D investment and ven- ture capital make negative influences; Economic development and open level do good to innovation, yet the educa- tion level is uncertainty; （3） Regional innovative activities in EU has obvious spatial technology spillover, and within the EU, innovation output of neighboring countries has a negative technology spillover, while the error impact of the innovation output of neighboring countries has a positive technology spillover.