海南龙血树的形态组织学研究

Anatomic Study of Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex. Gagnep

采用植物解剖学、显微切片技术等,分别对海南龙血树含有树脂的茎、不含树脂的茎、幼根和叶片等进行了系统的组织学研究。结果表明:老茎主要由栓化层、皮层、形成层和基本组织4部分组成,树脂主要分布在基本组织内维管束的导管和纤维中。叶片为等面叶,气孔主要分布在下表皮上、具有明显的孔下室,上下表皮内侧分布着大量的纤维束。幼根由根被细胞、皮层和维管柱组成。根、茎、叶的部分薄壁细胞中均含有晶束。海南龙血树营养器官的结构特征与干旱、高温和贫瘠的生态环境相适应。这些结果可为海南龙血树的开发和利用提供基本的解剖学证据。

The morphological characteristics of the stems（with or without resin）,young roots and leaves of Dracaena cambodiana Pierre ex.Gagnep were observed by traditional paraffin section and photomicrographic technique.Old stems mainly four parts,suberizative layer,cortex,cambium and basic tissue.The resin was mainly distributed in the vessels and fibers of vascular bundles in the basic tissue.Isolateral leaf,and stomata with a clear substomatic chamber were mainly distributed in the lower epidermis,a lot of fiber bundles in the upper and lower epidermis.The structure of younger roots consisted of velamen,cortex and central cylinder.Some parenchyma cells of root,stem and leaf containing calcium oxalate crystal bundle.The structural characteristics of nutritive organs suggested that the plant might adapt to the drought,high temperature and infertile environment.These results can provide the basic anatomical evidence for the development and utilization of D.cambodiana.