修剪与施氮对板栗果树光合特性及产量的影响

Effect of Pruning and Nitrogen Rate on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Specific Leaf Quality and Yield of Castanea mollissima Bl. Fruiting Tree

以13年生的板栗‘3113’为试验对象,采用双因素随机区组试验,研究了修剪强度与施氮量的交互作用对板栗光合特性、比叶质量、产量的影响。结果表明:(1)板栗的净光合速率与比叶质量之间呈极显著负相关;瞬时水分利用效率表现为X_2N_1组合较高。(2)X_3N_0、X_2N_1、X_1N_2的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和产量均较高,比叶质量均较低。(3)X_2N_1组合的比叶质量最低,净光合速率、产量和净收益最高。板栗树体需氮量随修剪强度的增强而降低,修剪与施氮量之间具有协同性;从光合特性、产量及净收益等指标综合考虑,X_2N_1组合是当地修剪与施肥的最佳组合。

With 13-a Castanea mollissima ＇ Yanshanzaofeng＇ , the random block experiment of two factors was conducted to study the interaction of pruning intensity and nitrogen application level on photosynthetic characteristics, specific leaf quality and yield. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between net photosynthesis rate and specific leaf quality. X2N1 showed relatively higher instantaneous water use efficiency under nine treatments. The net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and yield of X3N0, X2NI, X1N2 were higher than other treatments, but the specific lead quality were lower than other treatments. The specific leaf quality of X2N1 was lowest among all treatments, but the net photosyn- thesis rate, yield and net economic profit were highest. Nitrogen requirement of C. mollissima tree body decreased with in- creasing pruning intensity. Pruning intensity was in coordination with nitrogen rate. From the comprehensive consideration of photo characteristics, yield and net economic profit, X2N1 were the optimum combination of pruning and fertilizer in giv-en area.